Hauv lub neej, peb feem ntau xav tsis thoob ntawm cov khawv koob ntawm cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov {}} Cov hlau me me uas tau yooj yim dua nws tus kheej, coj peb yooj yim dua. Yog li vim li cas thiaj ua cov hlau nplaum tas li muaj cov hwj chim zoo li qub los nqus tej yam? Lawv ua haujlwm li cas? Niaj hnub no, cia peb nkag mus tob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb microscopic thiab tshawb cov lus zais ntawm cov hlau nplaum tas mus li.
1. Lub me me keeb ntawm cov hlau nplaum
Lub magnetism ntawmcov hlau nplaum tas mus liKeeb kwm los ntawm cov me me mechanism ntawm qib atomic. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas ua cov hlau nplaum tas mus li, xws li hlau, cobalt, thiab npib tsib xee, muaj cov qauv ib nrab. Hauv atoms, hluav taws xob txav mus ncig lub nucleus, thiab cov tshuab hluav taws xob lawv lawv kuj muaj kiv cov lus tsa suab. Ob qho ntawm cov kev taw tes no yuav tsim cov khoom me me, uas nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ua daim ntawv sib nqus. Txhua tus atom zoo li ib qho me me "hlau nplaum."
Nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw, cov lus qhia ntawm atomic sib nqus lub sij hawm muaj kev sib nqus, thiab ua kom cov tshuaj sib nqus uas tsis - sib yuav ntawm macroscopic nplai. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov, vim qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov qauv nruab nrab ntawm cov qauv nruab nrab ntawm thaj chaw me me, uas peb hu sib nqus.
Sib nqus sau yog lub tswvyim tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog lub magnetism ntawm cov hlau nplaum tas mus li. Nyob rau hauv txhua txhua tus sib nqus sau, cov lus qhia ntawm tag nrho cov midic sib nqus lub sij hawm yeej zoo ib yam nkaus, uas ua rau muaj qhov muaj zog neg sib nqus. Hauv Unmagnetized cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov, cov kev npaj ntawm ib thaj teb ntawm txhua lwm yam tawm, thiab cov khoom siv ua ke tsis sib nqus rau sab nraud.
Thaum daim ntawv hlau nplaum tas mus li yog muaj kev sib nqus ntawm daim teb sib nqus (xws li cov sib nqus me me tau thov raws lawv cov kev coj ua thiab zoo li sib xws nrog cov kev taw qhia ntawm sab nraud sib nqus. Thaum cov chaw sib nqus sab nraud tau raug tshem tawm, feem ntau ntawm cov sib nqus uas tseem tuaj yeem tswj hwm qhov no zoo nkauj heev, muab cov hlau nplaum tas mus li ntev. Qhov no zoo li ntau cov me me sib nqus koob pom keeb kwm kev sib sau ua ke, tab sis lawv hnav ris tsho ntawm cov rog sab nraud, thiab lawv nyob hauv kev txiav txim tom qab lub zog raug tshem tawm.
3. Txaus siab rau cov ntaub ntawv Ferrigagnetic
Cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov tuaj yeem nyiam cov ntaub ntawv ferrigagnetic xws li hlau, cobalt, thiab npib tsib xee vim yog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm kev sib nqus teb. Thaum cov khoom siv hlau nplaum ruaj khov nyob ze rau cov khoom siv ferromagnetic, cov hlau nplaum muaj zog ntawm cov khoom siv atomic sib nqus hauv cov khoom siv ferromagnetic. Lub cev sib nqus atomic sib nqus hauv cov khoom siv ferromagnetic yog keeb kwm cuam tshuam. Nyob rau hauv cov "txib" ntawm lub chaw hlau nplaum tas mus li, lawv yuav maj mam kho lawv cov kev taw qhia thiab zoo li sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov hlau nplaum sib nqus, tsim cov khoom siv hlau nplaum.
Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, ib qho kawg ntawm cov khoom siv ferromagetic ze rau cov hlau nplaum tas mus li yuav ua rau tus ncej sib nqus nrog cov hlau nplaum tas mus li qub. Raws li kev cai lij choj ntawm "cov qauv sib nqus lus sib txawv yuav tau tsim tawm ntawm cov khoom sib nqus, yog qhov muaj zog ntawm cov khoom sib nqus uas cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov uas nyiam cov ntaub ntawv ferromagnetic.
Cov tub ntxhais ntawm lub tsev hlau nplaum tas mus li haujlwm nyob rau hauv nws ruaj khov thiab kav ntev sib nqus. Hauv kev siv cov tswv yim, cov ntawv sib nqus hlau nplaum tsim los ntawm cov hlau nplaum muaj peev xwm siv tau rau cov khoom sib nqus lossis cov neeg nqa khoom tam sim no. Piv txwv li, hauv hluav taws xob lub cev muaj zog, cov hlau nplaum tas mus li ruaj khov rau lub plhaub sab nraud kom tsim cov khoom sib nqus uas ruaj khov. Thaum cov txheej txheem tam sim no los ntawm kev sib tw sab hauv, tam sim no {{}} kev sib nqus ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab tsav tsheb ntau yam los ua haujlwm.
Hauv tus neeg hais lus, lub tshav sib xyaw ntawm cov hlau nplaum sib nqus ntawm cov hlau nplaum tas mus li ruaj khov nrog cov suab tam sim no dhau los ntawm lub suab coil. Lub suab tam sim no hloov pauv nrog lub suab pom zoo, tsim lub zog uas hloov pauv nrog nws kom thawb cov pa hluav taws xob, rov qab kho cov teeb liab uas peb hnov. Hauv cov khoom siv hard disk, cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov yog siv los tsim cov chaw sib nqus uas ruaj khov los nyeem thiab sau cov ntaub ntawv, kom paub txog kev khaws cia thiab nyeem cov ntaub ntawv.
Qhov laj thawj yog li cas cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov tuaj yeem nyiam cov khoom yog tias kev sib nqus hauv cov khoom sib nqus hauv lawv cov khoom sib nqus ntawm cov khoom sib nqus Nws cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm yog kom ua tiav ntau lub zog xws li lub zog hloov, thiab lwm yam adstorption teb thiab kev sib koom tes nrog lwm lub cev hauv cov xwm txheej sib txawv. Los ntawm cov kev tswj hwm thaum ub rau niaj hnub high- cov hlau nplaum yog qhov txhia chaw, thiab txuas ntxiv ua kom muaj zog ua haujlwm rau tib neeg lub neej thiab kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis.
5. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau nplaum tas mus li hauv thaj teb ntsuab lub zog
Tawm tsam lub backdrop ntawm lub ntiaj teb kev nce qib ntawm cov hluav taws xob ntsuab hloov kho, cov hlau nplaum ua si tau ua rau lub luag haujlwm tseemci. Nyob rau hauv lub tshav dav hlau lub hwj chim ntau tiam, cov tshuab hluav taws xob cov tshuab hluav taws xob zoo nkauj tau dhau los ua cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov. Cov khoom lag luam ib txwm muaj feem ntau yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv zoo siab ntxiv, tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov hlau nplaum sib nqus, tsis tas yuav muab cov qauv sib nqus, zoo heev rau cov qauv. Qhov no tsis tsuas yog txo tus nqi tsis ua hauj lwm thiab saib xyuas tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv, tab sis kuj txhim kho lub zog hluav taws xob ua tau zoo. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub chaw hnyav marine ntawm ntug dej hluav taws xob, muab cov hlau nplaum tas mus li hauv lub zog hluav taws xob, muab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tas li rau hauv lub zog hluav taws xob, muab cov peev txheej hloov kho hluav taws xob rau hauv cov hluav taws xob loj.
Hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob kev lag luam, cov hlau nplaum tas mus li tseem yog ib qho ntawm cov tseem ceeb. Cov hlau nplaum tas mus li qub tau dhau los ua cov kev daws teeb meem hluav taws xob nrog lawv lub zog hluav taws xob ntau, muaj kev ua haujlwm siab thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo. Lub zog sib nqus ua ke tsim los ntawm cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov ua kom lub cev muaj zog tso zis ntau dua thiab txuas lub tsheb thauj khoom. Ntxiv mus, thaum lub tsheb braking ntawm lub tsheb, tas mus li kev siv hluav taws xob, pab txhawb nqa hluav taws xob ntxiv rau hauv cov txheej txheem transformation hauv kev thauj mus los.
6. Kev tsim kho yav tom ntej yav tom ntej ntawm cov hlau nplaum tas mus li
Nrog kev nce qib tas mus li ntawm science thiab thev naus laus zis, kev txhim kho cov phiaj xwm kev mus tas li, tab sis lawv kuj fim ntau cov nyom. Los ntawm qhov kev pom ntawm kev txhim kho cov qauv, ntawm ib sab tes, kev tshawb fawb thiab cov ntaub ntawv muaj cov khoom sib nqus siab dua yuav ua ntej. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau niaj hnub tshawb xyuas cov khoom siv tshiab ua ke thiab qhov kev xav tau yooj yim thiab cov khoom siv kub. Ntawm qhov tod tes, miniaturization yuav yog kev sib xyaw ua ke yuav yog cov lus qhia tseem ceeb rau kev thov ntawm cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov. Nyob rau hauv teb cov ntaub ntawv hauv hluav taws xob, raws li chip technology los txhim kho cov hlau nplaum me me uas xav tau los muab cov hlau nplaum sib nqus me me rau micros no (lej), no} nplai sensors, thiab lwm yam.